Android与js交互实例

Android 中可以通过webview来实现和js的交互,在程序中调用js代码,只需要将webview控件的支持js的属性设置为true

Android(Java)与JavaScript(HTML)交互有四种情况:
1) Android(Java)调用HTML中js代码
2) Android(Java)调用HTML中js代码(带参数)
3) HTML中js调用Android(Java)代码
4) HTML中js调用Android(Java)代码(带参数)

下面示例总结这四种情况,直接上干货:

1) Android(Java)

private void showWebView(){     // webView与js交互代码  
   try {  
   mWebView = new WebView(this);  
   setContentView(mWebView);  
   
   mWebView.requestFocus();  
   
   mWebView.setWebChromeClient(new WebChromeClient(){  
   @Override  
   public void onProgressChanged(WebView view, int progress){  
   JSAndroidActivity.this.setTitle("Loading...");  
   JSAndroidActivity.this.setProgress(progress);  
   
   if(progress >= 80) {  
   JSAndroidActivity.this.setTitle("JsAndroid Test");  
   }  
   }  
   });  
   
   mWebView.setOnKeyListener(new View.OnKeyListener() {        // webview can go back  
   @Override  
   public boolean onKey(View v, int keyCode, KeyEvent event) {  
   if(keyCode == KeyEvent.KEYCODE_BACK && mWebView.canGoBack()) {  
   mWebView.goBack();  
   return true;  
   }  
   return false;  
   }  
   });  
   
   WebSettings webSettings = mWebView.getSettings();  
   webSettings.setJavaScriptEnabled(true);  
   webSettings.setDefaultTextEncodingName("utf-8");  
  
   mWebView.addJavascriptInterface(getHtmlObject(), "jsObj");  
   mWebView.loadUrl("http://192.168.1.121:8080/jsandroid/index.html");  
   } catch (Exception e) {  
   e.printStackTrace();  
   }  
}  
  
private Object getHtmlObject(){  
   Object insertObj = new Object(){  
   public String HtmlcallJava(){  
   return "Html call Java";  
   }  
   
   public String HtmlcallJava2(final String param){  
   return "Html call Java : " + param;  
   }  
   
   public void JavacallHtml(){  
   runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {  
   @Override  
   public void run() {  
   mWebView.loadUrl("javascript: showFromHtml()");  
   Toast.makeText(JSAndroidActivity.this, "clickBtn", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();  
   }  
   });  
   }  
   
   public void JavacallHtml2(){  
   runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {  
   @Override  
   public void run() {  
   mWebView.loadUrl("javascript: showFromHtml2('IT-homer blog')");  
   Toast.makeText(JSAndroidActivity.this, "clickBtn2", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();  
   }  
   });  
   }  
   };  
   
   return insertObj;  
}  

2) js(HTML)

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">  
<!-- saved from url=(0032)http://localhost:8080/jsandroid/ -->  
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">  
  
<meta http-equiv="Expires" content="0">  
<meta http-equiv="Pragma" content="no-cache">  
<meta http-equiv="Cache-Control" content="no-store,no-cache">   
<meta name="Handheldfriendly" content="true">  
<meta name="viewport" content="width=100%; initial-scale=1.0; user-scalable=yes">  
<meta name="robots" content="all">  
<meta name="keywords" contect="doodle, mobile, doodlemobile, game, games">  
<meta name="description" content="Make People's Mobile Life More Connected Through Games.">  
  
<title>jsandroid_test</title>  
  
<script type="text/javascript" language="javascript">   
   
   function showHtmlcallJava(){  
   var str = window.jsObj.HtmlcallJava();  
   alert(str);  
   }  
   
   function showHtmlcallJava2(){  
   var str = window.jsObj.HtmlcallJava2("IT-homer blog");  
   alert(str);  
   }  
   
   function showFromHtml(){  
   document.getElementById("id_input").value = "Java call Html";  
   }  
   
   function showFromHtml2( param ){  
   document.getElementById("id_input2").value = "Java call Html : " + param;   
   }  
</script>  
</head>  
  
  
<body>  
  
hello IT-homer  
  
<br>  
<br>  
<br>  
  
<input type="button" value="HtmlcallJava" onclick="showHtmlcallJava()" />  
<br>  
<input type="button" value="HtmlcallJava2" onclick="showHtmlcallJava2()" />  
  
<br>  
<br>  
<br>  
<br>  
  
<input id="id_input" style="width: 90%" type="text" value="null" />  
<br>  
<input type="button" value="JavacallHtml" onclick="window.jsObj.JavacallHtml()" />  
  
<br>  
<br>  
<br>  
  
<input id="id_input2" style="width: 90%" type="text" value="null" />  
<br>  
<input type="button" value="JavacallHtml2" onclick="window.jsObj.JavacallHtml2()" />  
  
</body>  
</html>  

3) 运行结果:
1364555471_5797.png

4) 代码解析:

(1) 允许Android执行js脚本设置
Android(Java)与js(HTML)交互的接口函数是: mWebView.addJavascriptInterface(getHtmlObject(), “jsObj”); // jsObj 为桥连对象
Android容许执行js脚本需要设置: webSettings.setJavaScriptEnabled(true);

(2) js(HTML)访问Android(Java)代码
js(HTML)访问Android(Java)端代码是通过jsObj对象实现的,调用jsObj对象中的函数,如: window.jsObj.HtmlcallJava()

(3) Android(Java)访问js(HTML)代码
Android(Java)访问js(HTML)端代码是通过loadUrl函数实现的,访问格式如:mWebView.loadUrl(“javascript: showFromHtml()”);

说明:
1) Android访问url网址,需在AndroidManifest.xml文件,配置容许访问网络的权限:

2) Android(Java)调用js(HTML)时,使用的mWebView.loadUrl(“javascript: showFromHtml()”);函数需在UI线程运行,因为mWebView为UI控件

public void JavacallHtml(){  
   runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {  
   @Override  
   public void run() {  
   mWebView.loadUrl("javascript: showFromHtml()");  
   Toast.makeText(JSAndroidActivity.this, "clickBtn", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();  
   }  
   });  
}